Study on the method of the photometry calibration of ground-based coronagraph according to solar irradiance and preliminary test
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摘要:
利用地基日冕仪对更靠近太阳临边的日冕进行成像观测，对于深入研究日冕结构的产生及演化等非常重要.为得到准确的观测数据，本论文提出了地基日冕仪光度校准和补偿方法.针对观测谱线为530.3 nm的地基日冕仪原理样机，我们搭建了实验室测试系统校准日冕仪.同时，为对大气传输路径上的光损失进行补偿，我们研制了太阳辐照计，用于同步记录太阳光球辐照度作为参考基准.在威海进行了实地观测，实验表明：采用不同光电探测器的两套辐照计地面测试结果的相对偏差不超过0.5%，由此估计地基日冕仪光度校准总的相对不确定度约为0.54%，验证了该方法是精确和可行的.据此确立的数据处理流程将用于子午工程二期建设设备中光谱成像日冕仪的科学数据产出，并可为空间日冕仪光度校准提供可能的解决方案.
Abstract:The ground-based coronagraph can acquire image data of the corona very close to the sun edge, which is very important to study the formation and evolution of the coronal structure. In order to make the observation data more accurate, this paper proposed a photometric calibration and compensation method for the ground-based coronagraph. Targeting at the principle prototype of the ground-based coronagraph with the observation spectral line of 530.3nm, we have built a testing and calibration system in laboratory. Meanwhile, in order to compensate the light loss along the atmospheric transmission path, we have developed a solar irradiatometer to synchronously record the photosphere irradiance as a reference. The joint observation of coronagraph and the solar irradiatometer shows that the relative deviation of the two sets of irradiatometers with different photodetectors is less than 0.5%. And the total relative uncertainty of photometric calibration of ground-based coronagraph is estimated to be about 0.54%, which verifies that the calibration and compensation method is feasible and accurate. This established data processing flow thus could be used for the scientific data acquisition of Spectral Imaging Coronagraph in the second phase of the Meridian Project, and could also provide a possible solution for photometric calibration of space-based coronagraph.
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Key words:
- Corona /
- Luminosity /
- Coronagraph /
- Solar irradiance
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图 1
地基日冕仪杂散光抑制原理
Figure 1.
Stray light suppression principle of ground-based coronagraph
图 2
大气光学厚度随时刻变化对日冕观测影响的示意图
Figure 2.
A sketch map of the influence of atmospheric optical thickness varying with time on coronal observation
图 3
2020年9月30日威海地区地面接收太阳光球辐照度
Figure 3.
Solar irradiance received on ground in Weihai on September 30, 2020
图 5
(a) 光学系统传输系数；(b) sCMOS成像探测器光电转换关系
Figure 5.
(a) Transmission coefficient of optical system; (b) Photoelectric coversion relationship of sCMOS imaging detector
图 6
地基日冕仪光度校准测试系统
Figure 6.
Photometric calibration experimental system of ground-based coronagraph
图 8
太阳辐照计不同通光口径下的辐射通量分析
Figure 8.
Analysis of radiation flux of solar irradiatometer with different aperture
图 11
辐照计A用滤光片透射率随波长变化
Figure 11.
The variation of filter transmittance of irradiatometer A with wavelength
图 12
太阳辐照计A与太阳直接辐射仪观测结果比较
Figure 12.
Comparison of observation results between irradiatometer A and direct radiometer
图 13
(a) 太阳辐照计A与辐照计B观测结果比较；(b) 太阳辐照计A与辐照计B观测结果相对偏差
Figure 13.
(a) Comparison of observation results between irradiatometer A and B; (b) Relative deviation of observation results between irradiatometer A and B
图 14
(a) 日冕仪与太阳辐照计联合观测；(b) 日冕仪拍摄图像
Figure 14.
(a) Combined observation of coronagraph and irradiatometer; (b) A image taken by coronagraph
图 15
日冕仪与辐照计B接收地面辐照度随时刻变化曲线
Figure 15.
Variation of ground irradiance received by coronagraph and irradiatometer B with local time
图 16
日冕仪光度校准和补偿后得到的相对辐照度值
Figure 16.
Relative irradiance value obtained after photometric calibration and compensation of coronagraph
表 1
辐照计详细设计参数
Table 1.
Detailed design parameters of irradiatometer
辐照计型号 元件名称 元件指标项 校正指标值 A 滤光片 中心波长 530 nm 带宽 10 nm 积分透过率 86.1428% 透镜 透过率 96.377% 衰减片 衰减倍数 782.84 探测器 型号 SM05PD1A B 滤光片 中心波长 530 nm 带宽 8 nm 积分透过率 62.011% 透镜 透过率 96% 探测器 型号 S142C 直接辐射仪 观测波长 280~3000 nm 
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