地震频段弹性模量测试系统改进与升级

李智, 欧阳芳, 肖增佳, 龙腾, 贺艳晓, 赵建国. 2022. 地震频段弹性模量测试系统改进与升级. 地球物理学报, 65(5): 1769-1784, doi: 10.6038/cjg2022P0447
引用本文: 李智, 欧阳芳, 肖增佳, 龙腾, 贺艳晓, 赵建国. 2022. 地震频段弹性模量测试系统改进与升级. 地球物理学报, 65(5): 1769-1784, doi: 10.6038/cjg2022P0447
LI Zhi, OUYANG Fang, XIAO ZengJia, LONG Teng, HE YanXiao, ZHAO JianGuo. 2022. Improvement and upgrade of elastic modulus testing system under seismic frequency band. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese), 65(5): 1769-1784, doi: 10.6038/cjg2022P0447
Citation: LI Zhi, OUYANG Fang, XIAO ZengJia, LONG Teng, HE YanXiao, ZHAO JianGuo. 2022. Improvement and upgrade of elastic modulus testing system under seismic frequency band. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese), 65(5): 1769-1784, doi: 10.6038/cjg2022P0447

地震频段弹性模量测试系统改进与升级

  • 基金项目:

    国家自然科学基金联合基金重点基金项目(U20B2015), 国家自然科学基金项目(41574103, 41974120), 国家重大专项课题(2016ZX05004-003)联合资助. 第一

详细信息
    作者简介:

    李智, 男, 1993年生, 现于中国石油大学(北京)就读, 主要从事岩石物理、储层预测研究.E-mail: lzooot@sina.com

    通讯作者: 赵建国, 男, 1976年生, 现为中国石油大学(北京)地球物理学院教授, 主要从事地震波传播、数字岩心、跨频段地震岩石物理实验技术与理论研究. E-mail: zhaojg@cup.edu.cn
  • 中图分类号: P631

Improvement and upgrade of elastic modulus testing system under seismic frequency band

More Information
  • 获取地震频段弹性模量对于地震数据定量解释、研究地震波传播特征及油气勘探开发具有重要意义.前期建立的测试系统基于应力应变法可以获得地震频段内岩心的杨氏模量、泊松比和衰减.该系统仅适用于ϕ38 mm岩心, 而测量物性参数(孔隙度、渗透率等)、测量超声纵横波速度时一般使用ϕ25 mm岩心.为将ϕ25 mm岩心应用于地震频段弹性模量的测试, 统一各项岩石物理测试的数据, 本文结合有限元数值模拟和实验测试对地震频段弹性模量测试系统的机械结构与应变采集系统(惠斯通电桥)做了改进与升级.通过数值模拟与标定实验(铝和有机玻璃)论证了在ϕ25 mm岩心上进行低频实验的可靠性和准确性.利用改进后的测试系统对常规砂岩在干燥(空气)、充气(N2)与完全饱和流体(白油)条件开展了高频(MHz)超声和低频(1~3 kHz)应力应变测量实验, 其结果表明: 干燥岩样和充气岩样的弹性参数在低频和超声频段一致, 以此验证了改进后测量系统的可靠性; 而饱和白油的砂岩弹性参数在1~3000 Hz频段范围内表现出明显的频散特性.改进后的地震频段弹性模量测试系统可以为定量研究含流体岩石的弹性频散特征提供有效的实验测量工具, 其实验结果不仅可应用于生产实践, 也可为检验、修正岩石物理模型的提供重要的实验依据.

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  • 图 1 

    应力-应变实验测量仪器

    Figure 1. 

    Stress-strain experimental measuring instrument

    图 2 

    原有测试系统示意图

    Figure 2. 

    Schematic diagram of the original test system

    图 3 

    原有测试系统不同直径(38 mm、25 mm)样品

    Figure 3. 

    Original test system with different diameter (38 mm, 25 mm) samples

    图 4 

    共振频率应力分布比较

    Figure 4. 

    Comparison of stress distribution at resonance frequency

    图 5 

    样品参考点位置的应力应变随频率变化图

    Figure 5. 

    Stress and strain at the sample reference point location as a function of frequency

    图 6 

    样品杨氏模量计算结果

    Figure 6. 

    Sample Young′s modulus calculation results

    图 7 

    不同长径比样品模拟结果

    Figure 7. 

    Simulation results of samples with different aspect ratios

    图 8 

    岩心样品制备图

    Figure 8. 

    Core sample preparation figure

    图 9 

    改进后测试系统示意图

    Figure 9. 

    Schematic diagram of the improved test system

    图 10 

    电磁干扰条件下改进前后测试数据对比

    Figure 10. 

    Comparison of test data before and after improvement under electromagnetic interference condition

    图 11 

    测试系统流体驱替部分示意图

    Figure 11. 

    Schematic diagram of fluid displacement part of test system

    图 12 

    标准样

    Figure 12. 

    Standard samples

    图 13 

    不同标准样测量结果

    Figure 13. 

    Measurement results of different standard samples

    图 14 

    砂岩孔隙结构描述

    Figure 14. 

    Description of sandstone pore structure

    图 15 

    实验压力变化图

    Figure 15. 

    Experimental pressure variation diagram

    图 16 

    干燥条件弹性参数随频率变化

    Figure 16. 

    Drying condition elastic parameter change graph with frequency

    图 17 

    充注干燥氮气弹性参数随频率变化图

    Figure 17. 

    The graph of elastic parameters changing with frequency of dry nitrogen gas

    图 18 

    砂岩孔隙结构描述

    Figure 18. 

    Description of sandstone pore structure

    图 19 

    饱和白油条件弹性参数随频率变化图

    Figure 19. 

    Elastic parameters with frequency changes in complete saturated white oil

    表 1 

    几种地震频段岩石物理测量系统重要参数

    Table 1. 

    Important parameters of several rock physical measurement systems in seismic frequency bands

    围压上限(MPa) 样品长度×直径(mm) 频率范围(Hz)
    Spencer (1981) 70 (110~140)×38.1 4~400
    Batzle (2006) 30 (43~55)×37.5 5~2000
    Tisato and Madonna (2012) 25 250×76 0.01~100
    Madonna and Tisato (2013) 50 60×25.4 0.01~100
    Mikhaltsevitch (2014) 70 70×38 0.1~400
    Pimienta (2015) 50 80×40 0.005~0.5
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 2 

    样品基本信息

    Table 2. 

    Sample description

    编号 干燥密度(g·cm-3) 矿物(%) 孔隙度(%) 渗透率(10-3 μm2)
    石英 钾长石 白云石 黏土矿物
    58# 2.004 85.7 4.6 4.9 4.8 22.257 464.926
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 3 

    样品基本信息

    Table 3. 

    Sample description

    编号 干燥密度(g·cm-3) 矿物(%) 孔隙度(%) 渗透率(10-3 μm2)
    石英 钾长石 白云石 黏土矿物
    64# 2.023 66.6 5.1 16.4 11.9 23.28 143.26
    下载: 导出CSV

    表 4 

    孔隙流体物理属性

    Table 4. 

    Physical properties of the pore fluids

    流体信息 黏度(mPa·s) 模量Kf(GPa) 密度(kg·m-3)
    3#白油 3.28 1.4 820
    下载: 导出CSV
    描述 高度 半径
    夹持器顶部 19.5 cm 4.3 cm 4.8 cm 7.4 cm
    样品基座 6 cm 2.2 cm
    支撑杆 25.1 cm 11 mm
    参考铝块 3 cm 12.5/19 mm
    样品 5 cm 12.5/19 mm
    震源平台 4 cm 2.5 cm
    连接杆 3.7 cm 6 mm
    下载: 导出CSV
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收稿日期:  2021-06-29
修回日期:  2022-03-31
上线日期:  2022-05-10

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