“长江深断裂带”的构造性质:深地震反射证据

吕庆田; 刘振东; 董树文; 严加永; 张永谦

doi:10.6038/cjg20151202

“长江深断裂带”的构造性质:深地震反射证据

- 1.
  中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所, 河北廊坊 065000
- 2. 中国地质科学院地球深部探测中心, 北京 100037
- 3. 中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所, 国土资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室, 北京 100037

详细信息

作者简介:
吕庆田,男,1964年生,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事资源深部探测和金属矿勘查技术方法研究.E-mail:lqt@cags.ac.cn

中图分类号: P541;P315

收稿日期: 2015-07-17

修回日期: 2015-09-19

上线日期: 2015-12-20

The nature of Yangtze River deep fault zone: Evidence from deep seismic data

- 1.
  Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Hebei province, Langfang 065000, China
- 2. China Deep Exploration Center—SinoProbe Center, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
- 3. MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China

Received Date: 17 July 2015

Revised Date: 19 September 2015

Available Online: 20 December 2015

摘要

摘要: 长江深断裂带自20世纪50年代提出以来,因其在区域控岩、控矿、工程地质和灾害地质研究中的重要意义,一直受到广泛关注和研究,但由于缺乏深部资料,对长江深断裂带的构造性质、空间展布众说纷纭.本文通过分析穿过长江河床及两岸的六条深地震反射剖面,讨论了长江中下游成矿带及长江深断裂带的构造性质及演化,获得如下认识: (1)长江中下游成矿带是燕山期的陆内俯冲带,上地壳发生强烈挤压变形,以大型逆冲、叠瓦、褶皱和推覆构造为特征;下地壳及岩石圈地幔俯冲或叠置到相邻块体之下,在宁芜火山岩盆地和沿江凹陷下形成了"鳄鱼嘴"构造. (2)白垩纪以来,长江深断裂带(CJF)由一系列拆离断层组成,大致沿长江河床分布.该断裂带在燕山期陆内造山阶段为一组逆冲断裂,伸展垮塌阶段反转为正断层或拆离断层,同时控制了沿江凹陷的形成和演化.(3)陆内俯冲或叠置导致地壳加厚、拆沉,引发大规模岩浆活动."鳄鱼嘴"构造或是沟通深部岩浆向上迁移的主要通道,控制了沿江成矿岩浆岩的分布.正是这种特殊的深部过程和构造特征,导致了燕山期长江中下游地区的大规模成岩、成矿作用.
- 长江深断裂带 /
- 长江中下游成矿带 /
- 深地震反射 /
- 偏移剖面 /
- 陆内俯冲带
Abstract: Due to its significance both in petro-genesis, metallogenesis, and engineer and environmental geology, the Yangtze River Deep Fault Zone has been the focus of studies since it was first proposed in the fifties of last century. For lacking of deep geophysical data, however, there is little consensus regarding the nature and spatial extension of the fault zone. Using the data from six deep seismic reflection profiles that stride over Yangtze River bed, the authors analysed the crustal structure, deformation and evolution of the middle and lower Yangtze River area and the Yangtze deep fault zone.Results based on the interpretation of deep seismic data include: (1) the middle and lower metallogenic belt is an intro-continental subduction zone formed during Yanshanian period, the middle and upper crust were strongly deformed, and characterized by a series of mega-thrust,nappe and thrust-related folds; the lower crust and lithosphere mantle was subducted or stacked beneath the adjacent block, forming a crustal "crocodile" structure beneath the Ningwu volcanic area and along-River depression; (2) since the Cretaceous, the Yangtze River fault zone consist of series of detachments, which extends approximately along the Yangtze River bed. In the compressional regime, the fault zone might be a group of thrust fault, and inversed to normal faults or detachments while the tectonic regime shifted from compression to extension, and thus control the formation and evolution of along-River depression; (3) the intro-continental subduction or crustal stacking lead to the thickening and thus delamination of the crustal root, which induce a large scale magmatism.The "crocodile" structure might have played a major role in channeling deep magma to the upper crust, controlling the distribution of along-River igneous rock. Just because of this special deep process and structure, a large scale magmatism and related metallogenesis occurred in the middle and lower Yangtze River region during the Yanshanian period.
- Yangtze River deep fault zone /
- Middle and lower Yangtze metallogenic belt /
- Deep seismic reflection /
- Migrated seismic section /
- Intro-continental subduction zone

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“长江深断裂带”的构造性质:深地震反射证据

作者简介: 吕庆田,男,1964年生,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事资源深部探测和金属矿勘查技术方法研究.E-mail:lqt@cags.ac.cn

The nature of Yangtze River deep fault zone: Evidence from deep seismic data

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作者简介:
吕庆田,男,1964年生,研究员,博士生导师,主要从事资源深部探测和金属矿勘查技术方法研究.E-mail:lqt@cags.ac.cn