基于多颗低轨卫星的SLR台站坐标几何解算方法

doi:10.6038/cjg2020O0069

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摘要卫星激光测距（SLR）技术作为卫星精密定轨手段和轨道检核重要方法，激光反射器已经成为重力卫星和测高卫星等低轨卫星的基本载荷.经典的SLR台站坐标是使用动力学方法计算的，本文根据多颗低轨卫星（LEO）多历元的激光观测数据，采用几何方法开展地面SLR测站坐标计算.通过组建低轨卫星群实现对全球激光站的动态观测，为了合理配置不同低轨卫星间观测值权重，削弱低轨卫星群可能存在的系统性偏差，提出采用方差分量估计组合的最小二乘法进行解算.实测结果显示，解算出SLR台站坐标框架解与SLRF2014差异平均值在25.1 mm，外符合精度达到1~2 cm.该方法避免了复杂动力学模型，SLR台站坐标的几何计算方法既可以作为激光测站框架解算手段之一，同时将LEO卫星群作为空间并址站实现不同技术地球参考框架间的融合.

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	王友存
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	赵春梅
	常晓涛

关键词 ：卫星激光测距, 低轨卫星, 星基并址, 几何解, 方差分量估计, 地球参考框架

Abstract：The satellite laser ranging (SLR) technique is mainly used as an external inspection method for the evaluation of satellite orbit, or one of the means for orbit determination with other space geodetic techniques. The SLR station coordinates are traditionally determined with the dynamic method. In this paper, the low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite is used as the satellite co-location for GNSS/SLR technology, and the sub-centimeter-level precision solution of the geometric coordinates of the SLR station is realized by using the scientific precise orbit and SLR data of multi LEO satellites. The least squares method is used to estimate the accurate SLR station position, and the variance component estimation method is applied to reasonably allocate the weights of observations between different LEO satellites and weaken the possible systematic deviation of LEO satellite groups. The final results indicated that the average difference between the three-dimensional coordinates of SLR stations and the SLRF2014 results was 25.1 mm based on the four satellites of GRACE-A/B, JASON-2 and HY-2A.This study provides not only a method for determining the geometric coordinates of SLR stations with the agreement level of 1~2 cm with respective to SLRF2014, but also an idea for the combination of different space geodetic techniques based on LEO satellites. It is of great significance to establish and maintain the ITRF (International Terrestrial Reference Frames) at the LEO satellite level.

Key words： Satellite laser ranging Low-earth-orbit satellite Satellite-borne co-location Geometric solution Variance component estimation Terrestrial reference frame

收稿日期: 2020-07-19

PACS:

P228

基金资助:国家自然科学基金（41774001），科技部基础科技专项（2015FY310200）和山东科技大学科研创新团队支持计划（2014TDJH101）资助.

通讯作者: 郭金运,1969年生,博士,教授,主要从事空间大地测量、海洋大地测量和物理大地测量等研究.E-mail:jinyunguo1@126.com E-mail: jinyunguo1@126.com

作者简介: 王友存,1993年生,博士研究生,研究方向为低轨卫星精密定轨等.E-mail:youcunwang1@163.com

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http://www.geophy.cn//CN/10.6038/cjg2020O0069 或 http://www.geophy.cn//CN/Y2020/V63/I12/4333

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