ZHANG Yi-Zhou,
MIAO Shi-Guang,
LI Qing-Chun et al
.2017.Numerical simulation of the impact of urban underlying surface on fog in Beijing.Chinese Journal Of Geophysics,60(1): 22-36,doi: 10.6038/cjg20170103
Numerical simulation of the impact of urban underlying surface on fog in Beijing
ZHANG Yi-Zhou1, MIAO Shi-Guang1, LI Qing-Chun1, DAI Yong-Jiu2
1. Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100089, China; 2. College of Global Chang and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Abstract:In order to investigate the impact of urban underlying surface on fog in Beijing and improve numerical weather forecast of fog in Beijing, a numerical study of the during 29th and 30th Oct, 2011 above the Beijing area was carried out using WRF/Noah/UCM modeling system. Performances of the model on the fog case were obviously improved through adjusting the parameters in the urban canopy model of the modeling system. Furthermore, the impact of urban underlying surface in Beijing on formation, development and disappearance of fog was studied by model sensitivity tests using the adjusted modeling system. The results show that this modeling system can reconstruct the fog case quite similarly to observation. And formation, development and disappearance of the fog were evidently influenced by urban underlying surface in Beijing. These effects are mainly caused by changes of temperature. Therefore, fog is more difficult to generate in and near the city and appears much later than non-urban cases. But fog is more difficult and delayed to disappear when the city exists compared to non-urban cases.
Ballard S P, Golding B W, Smith R N B. 1991. Mesoscale model experimental forecasts of the haar of northeast Scotland. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119:2107-2123. Chen Y, Jiang W M. 2006. The numerical experiments of the effect of urban buildings on boundary layer structure. Plateau Meteorology (in Chinese), 25(5):824-833. Dong J X, Lei H C, Hu Z X, et al. 2006. Numerical simulation and diagnosis of a dense fog in Beijing and its penumbra. Climatic and Environmental Research (in Chinese), 11(2):175-184. Fan Q, Wang A Y, Fan S J, et al. 2005. Numerical experiment research of a marine fog event in the Pearl River Estuary region. Acta Meteor. Sinica, 19(2):231-240. Fan S Y, Wang H L, Chen M, et al. 2013. Study of the data assimilation of radar reflectivity with the WRF 3D-VAR. Acta Meteorologica Sinica (in Chinese), 71(3):527-537. Gultepe I, Tardif R, Michaelides S C, et al. 2007. Fog research:A review of past achievements and future perspectives. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 164(6):1121-1159. He Y J, Zhu B, Ma L. 2003. The physical process of Chongqing fog's genesis and dissipation in winter. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology (in Chinese), 26(6):821-828. Jiang Y H, Wang Q, Li Z H, et al. 2004. Characteristics of fog in Chongqing urban area. Meteorological Science and Technology(in Chinese), 32(6):450-455. Kunkel B A. 1984. Parameterization of droplet terminal velocity and extinction coefficient in fog models. J. Appl. Meteor., 23(1):34-41. Li X L, Bi B G, Li Z C. 2005. Simulation study of formation mechanism of winter urban boundary layer structure over Beijing area. Acta Meteorologica Sinica (in Chinese), 63(6):889-902. Li X L, He J H, Bi B G, et al. 2003. The desin of urban canopy parameterization of MM5 and its' numerical simulations. Acta Meteorologica Sinica (in Chinese), 61(5):526-539. Li Y P, Liang A M, Zhang Z F, et al. 2007. Simulation and analysis of a winter advection fog in Beijing area. Journal of Yunnan University (in Chinese), 29(2):167-172, 182. Li Z H, Yang J, Shi C E, et al. 2012. Urbanization effects on fog in China:Field research and modeling. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 169(5-6):927-939. Lu C S, Niu S J, Yang J, et al. 2008. An observational study on physical mechanism and boundary layer structure of winter advection fog in Nanjing. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology (in Chinese), 31(4):520-529. Lu C S, Niu S J, Yang J, et al. 2010. Jump features and causes of macro and microphysical structures of a winter fog in Nanjing. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (in Chinese), 34(4):681-690. Niu S J, Lu C S, Yu H Y, et al. 2010. Fog research in China:An overview. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 27(3):639-661. Pagowski M, Gultepe I, and King P. 2004. Analysis and modeling of an extremely dense fog event in southern Ontario. J. Appl. Meteor., 43:3-16. Shi C E, Yang J, Qiu M Y, et al. 2008. Impacts of urban development on long-term variation of fog. Climatic and Environmental Research (in Chinese), 13(3):327-336. Taylor G I. 1917. The formation of fog and mist. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 43(183):241-268. Wei D, You F C, Fan S Y, et al. 2010. Assessment and analysis of sounding information obtained from Beijing Rapid Update Cycle Forecast System. Meteorological Monthly (in Chinese), 36(8):72-80. Xu H G, Deng B S, Zhou X G, et al. 2002. Effect of fog on urban boundary layer and environment. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science (in Chinese), 13(S1):170-176. Zhang Y Z, Miao S G, Dai Y J, et al. 2013. Numerical simulation of characteristics of summer clear day boundary layer in Beijing and the impact of urban underlying surface on sea breeze. Chinese Journal of Geophysics (in Chinese), 56(8):2558-2573, doi:10.6038/cjg20130806. Zhou M, Yin Y, Wang W W. 2008. A numerical study on the long-lasting wide spread dense fog event during December 24-27, 2006. Journal of Applied Meteorological Science (in Chinese), 19(5):602-610. Zhou X G, Wang Q. 2004a. Numerical simulation on the boundary layer structure during a heavy fog process over Beijing metropolitan area. Acta Meteorologica Sinica (in Chinese), 62(4):468-475. Zhou X G, Wang Q. 2004b. Boundary layer characteristics of urban heavy smog and fog in Beijing. Meteorological Science and Technology (in Chinese), 32(6):404-409. 附中文参考文献 陈燕, 蒋维楣. 2006. 城市建筑物对边界层结构影响的数值试验研究. 高原气象, 25(5):824-833. 董剑希, 雷恒池, 胡朝霞等. 2006. 北京及其周边地区一次大雾的数值模拟及诊断分析. 气候与环境研究, 11(2):175-184. 范水勇, 王洪利, 陈敏等. 2013. 雷达反射率资料的三维变分同化研究. 气象学报, 71(3):527-537. 何友江, 朱彬, 马力. 2003. 重庆市冬季雾生消的物理特征. 南京气象学院学报, 26(6):821-828. 江玉华, 王强, 李子华等. 2004. 重庆城区浓雾的基本特征. 气象科技, 32(6):450-455. 李晓莉, 毕宝贵, 李泽椿. 2005. 北京冬季城市边界层结构形成机制的初步数值研究. 气象学报, 63(6):889-902. 李晓莉, 何金海, 毕宝贵等. 2003. MM5模式中城市冠层参数化方案的设计及其数值试验. 气象学报, 61(5):526-539. 李元平, 梁爱民, 张中锋等. 2007. 北京地区一次冬季平流雾过程数值模拟分析. 云南大学学报(自然科学版), 29(2):167-172, 182. 陆春松, 牛生杰, 杨军等. 2008. 南京冬季平流雾的生消机制及边界层结构观测分析. 南京气象学院学报, 31(4):520-529. 陆春松, 牛生杰, 杨军等. 2010. 南京冬季一次雾过程宏微观结构的突变特征及成因分析. 大气科学, 34(4):681-690. 石春娥, 杨军, 邱明燕等. 2008. 从雾的气候变化看城市发展对雾的影响. 气候与环境研究, 13(3):327-336. 魏东, 尤凤春, 范水勇等. 2010. 北京快速更新循环预报系统(BJ-RUC)模式探空质量评估分析. 气象, 36(8):72-80. 徐怀刚, 邓北胜, 周小刚等. 2002. 雾对城市边界层和城市环境的影响. 应用气象学报, 13(S1):170-176. 张亦洲, 苗世光, 戴永久等. 2013. 北京夏季晴天边界层特征及城市下垫面对海风影响的数值模拟. 地球物理学报, 56(8):2558-2573, doi:10.6038/cjg20130806. 周梅, 银燕, 王巍巍. 2008. 2006年12月24-27日大范围大雾过程数值模拟. 应用气象学报, 19(5):602-610. 周小刚, 王强. 2004a. 北京市一次大雾过程边界层结构的模拟研究. 气象学报, 62(4):468-475. 周小刚, 王强. 2004b. 北京城市重烟尘雾与水雾过程的边界层结构. 气象科技, 32(6):404-409.