热水条件下透辉石的摩擦本构特征

doi:10.6038/cjg2020N0134

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摘要为了研究下地壳主要造岩矿物之一的辉石在摩擦滑动中的力学性质，本文选择辉石中的透辉石作为实验样品，在约200 MPa有效正应力（30 MPa孔隙水压）及100~600℃的热水条件下进行了速度阶跃摩擦滑动实验，在滑动开始后将剪切滑动速率在0.122 μm·s^-1和1.22 μm·s^-1之间进行切换来确定摩擦滑动对速度变化的响应.通过实验发现：透辉石在102~200℃表现为速度强化，随着温度升高，在约215℃附近从速度强化转变为速度弱化.在310℃以上，速度弱化的程度受温度的影响不大，而且摩擦本构参数a值和b值随温度的变化趋势相同.对变形样品的显微观测发现，与其速度强化行为相对应的微观变形主要以数条平行的R1剪切为主，卸样时造成的裂纹集中在R1剪切内部，形态长而曲折；与其速度弱化行为相对应的断层泥内部，剪切带变窄且数量明显增加，在内部互相连接，在边界附近多发育B剪切，卸样时形成的裂纹大量存在于B剪切带与R1剪切附近，形态短且平直.

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关键词 ：透辉石, 摩擦滑动特征, 摩擦本构参数, 速度弱化, 断层泥剪切带

Abstract：To investigate the sliding properties of pyroxene as one of the main rock-forming minerals in the lower crust, we employed diopside (clinopyroxene) as a gouge sample to perform velocity-stepping sliding tests under hydrothermal conditions with an effective normal stress of about 200 MPa, pore pressure of 30 MPa and temperatures from 100 ℃ to 600 ℃. During shearing, sliding rate was stepped between 0.122 μm·s^-1 and 1.22 μm·s^-1 to acquire the rate dependence. In the tests, diopside was found to be velocity-strengthening between 102 ℃ and 200 ℃, which transitioned to velocity-weakening at about 215 ℃. Above 310 ℃, the degrees of velocity-weakening were not significantly affected by the increase of temperature, and the velocity dependence parameters a and b values exhibited similar temperature dependence. Microscopic observations on deformed samples showed that the main microstructural feature associated with the velocity-strengthening behavior was dominated by several through-going R1 shears, cracks with curvatures induced by unloading formed mostly along R1 shears. The main microstructural associated with the velocity-weakening behavior was featured by more distributive planar shears, B shear zones at gouge-wall rock boundaries were widely found, leading to much more short and straight cracks induced during unloading.

Key words： Diopside Frictional sliding properties Constitutive parameters Velocity weakening Gouge shear zone

收稿日期: 2019-04-04

PACS:

P313

基金资助:国家自然科学基金（41774103）项目资助.

通讯作者: 何昌荣,研究员,主要从事与地震动力学相关的高温高压岩石力学研究.E-mail:crhe@ies.ac.cn E-mail: crhe@ies.ac.cn

作者简介: 田平,男,1987年生,博士研究生,主要从事高温高压岩石力学相关的实验研究.E-mail:tianping87@163.com

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http://www.geophy.cn//CN/10.6038/cjg2020N0134 或 http://www.geophy.cn//CN/Y2020/V63/I12/4440

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